venezuela: political changes in the Chávez era

نویسندگان

  • RAFAEL DUARTE VILLA
  • Marcos Peres Jiménez
  • Hugo Chávez
چکیده

the democratic era in venezuela dates from 1958. With the HugoChávez administration, the nation has experienced a true breach in its nationalpolitical scene. therefore it now becomes possible to identify a democratic venezuelapreand post-Chavez. this article attempts to analyze the variables of political andinstitutional change in venezuela at four specific moments in time: first, duringthe rise and fall of the Punto Fijo Pact; second, the build-up of the Chavistaphenomenon; third, the social and political polarization in venezuela during theChavez administration; and finally, venezuela after the presidential referendum.

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تاریخ انتشار 2008